awk has 3 functions to calculate date and time:
\nsystime
\nstrftime
\nmktime
\n Let us see in this article how to use these functions:<\/p>\n
systime:
\n This function is equivalent to the Unix date (date +%s) command. It gives the Unix time, total number of seconds elapsed since the epoch(01-01-1970 00:00:00).
\n$ echo | awk ‘{print systime();}’
\n1358146640
\nNote: systime function does not take any arguments.<\/p>\n
strftime:
\n A very common function used in gawk to format the systime into a calendar format. Using this function, from the systime, the year, month, date, hours, mins and seconds can be separated.<\/p>\n
Syntax: 2. Display current date time using strftime without systime: 3. strftime with no arguments: mktime: 1. Printing timestamp for a specific date time : 2. Using strftime with mktime: 3. Negative date in mktime: 4. Negative hour value in mktime: $ cat tst.awk mths = “JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec”<\/p>\n if (days) { hours = days * 24 } NR==FNR { nr2secs[FNR] >= (nr2secs[NR-FNR] – deltaSecs)<\/p>\n $ awk -v hours=1 -f tst.awk file $ gawk -v mins=60 -f tst.awk file $ gawk -v mins=20 -f tst.awk file awk has 3 functions to calculate date and time: systime strftime mktime Let us see in this article how to use these functions:<\/p>\n systime: This function is equivalent to the Unix date (date +%s) command. It gives the Unix time, total number of seconds elapsed since the epoch(01-01-1970 00:00:00). $ echo | awk ‘{print systime();}’ […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mohan.sg\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3402"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mohan.sg\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mohan.sg\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mohan.sg\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mohan.sg\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3402"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/mohan.sg\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3402\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3404,"href":"https:\/\/mohan.sg\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3402\/revisions\/3404"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mohan.sg\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3402"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mohan.sg\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3402"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mohan.sg\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3402"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n strftime (
\n1. Printing current date time using strftime:
\n$ echo | awk ‘{print strftime(“%d-%m-%y %H-%M-%S”,systime());}’
\n14-01-13 12-37-45
\n strftime takes format specifiers which are same as the format specifiers available with the date command. %d for date, %m for month number (1 to 12), %y for the 2 digit year number, %H for the hour in 24 hour format, %M for minutes and %S for seconds. In this way, strftime converts Unix time into a date string.<\/p>\n
\n$ echo | awk ‘{print strftime(“%d-%m-%y %H-%M-%S”);}’
\n14-01-13 12-38-08
\n Both the arguments of strftime are optional. When the timestamp is not provided, it takes the systime by default.<\/p>\n
\n$ echo | awk ‘{print strftime();}’
\nMon Jan 14 12:30:05 IST 2013
\n strftime without the format specifiers provides the output in the default output format as the Unix date command.<\/p>\n
\n mktime function converts any given date time string into a Unix time, which is of the systime format.
\nSyntax:
\n mktime(date time string) # where date time string is a string which contains atleast 6 components in the following order: YYYY MM DD HH MM SS<\/p>\n
\n$ echo | awk ‘{print mktime(“2012 12 21 0 0 0”);}’
\n1356028200
\n This gives the Unix time for the date 21-Dec-12.<\/p>\n
\n$ echo | awk ‘{print strftime(“%d-%m-%Y”,mktime(“2012 12 21 0 0 0”));}’
\n21-12-2012
\n The output of mktime can be validated by formatting the mktime output using the strftime function as above.<\/p>\n
\n$ echo | awk ‘{print strftime(“%d-%m-%Y”,mktime(“2012 12 -1 0 0 0”));}’
\n29-11-2012
\n mktime can take negative values as well. -1 in the date position indicates one day before the date specified which in this case leads to 29th Nov 2012.<\/p>\n
\n$ echo | awk ‘{print strftime(“%d-%m-%Y %H-%M-%S”,mktime(“2012 12 3 -2 0 0”));}’
\n02-12-2012 22-00-00
\n -2 in the hours position indicates 2 hours before the specified date time which in this case leads to “2-Dec-2012 22” hours. <\/p>\n
\nBEGIN {
\n ARGV[ARGC++] = ARGV[ARGC-1]<\/p>\n
\n if (hours) { mins = hours * 60 }
\n if (mins) { secs = mins * 60 }
\n deltaSecs = secs
\n}<\/p>\n
\n nr2secs[NR] = mktime($6″ “(match(mths,$5)+2)\/3” “$4” “gensub(\/:\/,” “,”g”,$7))
\n next
\n}<\/p>\n
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