{"id":4590,"date":"2015-04-25T14:55:55","date_gmt":"2015-04-25T06:55:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/rmohan.com\/?p=4590"},"modified":"2015-04-26T12:26:35","modified_gmt":"2015-04-26T04:26:35","slug":"python-tutorial","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mohan.sg\/?p=4590","title":{"rendered":"Python Tutorial"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0Data Type Conversion<\/strong><\/p>\n

a) int(55.89)<\/p>\n

b) float(36)<\/p>\n

my_string=str(9500)<\/p>\n

Tuple <\/strong>
\n\u00a0<\/strong>
\n>>> tuple(“This is a string.”)
\n(‘T’, ‘h’, ‘i’, ‘s’, ‘ ‘, ‘i’, ‘s’, ‘ ‘, ‘a’, ‘ ‘, ‘s’, ‘t’, ‘r’, ‘i’, ‘n’, ‘g’, ‘.’)
\n>>><\/p>\n

list(“This will be a list”)<\/p>\n

>>> list(“This will be a list”)
\n[‘T’, ‘h’, ‘i’, ‘s’, ‘ ‘, ‘w’, ‘i’, ‘l’, ‘l’, ‘ ‘, ‘b’, ‘e’, ‘ ‘, ‘a’, ‘ ‘, ‘l’, ‘i’, ‘s’, ‘t’]<\/p>\n

chr(65)<\/p>\n

ord(‘a’)<\/p>\n

hex(4500)<\/p>\n

bin(42)
\n================================================================================<\/p>\n

Arithmetic & Comparison Operators<\/strong><\/p>\n

7 kind of operators\u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Arithmetic = + , – , \/ , % , **<\/p>\n

a=10
\nb=15
\na+b<\/p>\n

>>> a=10
\n>>> b=10
\n>>> a+b
\n20<\/p>\n

a*b<\/p>\n

comparison operator = a==b\u00a0\u00a0 check a equal to b
\na!=b , a>b , a<b , a<=b ,\u00a0 a>=b<\/p>\n

>>> a=10
\n>>> b=10
\n>>> a+b
\n20
\n>>>
\n>>> a==b
\nTrue
\n>>>
\n>>> a=15
\n>>> b=10
\n>>> a==b
\nFalse
\n>>><\/p>\n

Bitwise & Logical Operators<\/strong><\/p>\n

>>> a=15
\n>>> b=20
\n>>> bin(a)
\n‘0b1111’
\n>>> bin(b)
\n‘0b10100’
\n>>> bin(a&b)
\n>>> bin(a&b)
\n‘0b100’
\n>>> bin(a|b)
\n‘0b11111’
\n>>> bin(a^b)
\n‘0b11011’<\/p>\n

AND Operation <\/strong><\/p>\n

a=True
\nb=False
\na\u00a0 and b
\nFalse<\/p>\n

a or b
\nTrue<\/p>\n

not a
\nFalse<\/p>\n

not b
\nTrue<\/p>\n

===============================================================================
\nMembership & Identity Operators<\/strong><\/p>\n

Membership Operators
\nstr1=”I have a lazy dog”
\n>>> str1=”I have a lazy dog”
\n>>> str1
\n‘I have a lazy dog’
\n>>> “dog” in str1
\nTrue<\/p>\n

>>> mylist=[1,3,19,32,48,77]
\n>>> 65 in mylist
\nFalse
\n>>><\/p>\n

>>> 19 in mylist
\nTrue
\n>>><\/p>\n

Identity Operators<\/strong><\/p>\n

>>> a = 43
\n>>> b= ’43’
\n>>> a is b
\nFalse
\n>>><\/p>\n

>>> c=42
\n>>> a is c
\nFalse
\n>>> c=43
\n>>> a is c
\nTrue
\n>>><\/p>\n

===============================================================================
\nOperator Precedence<\/strong><\/p>\n

Multiple operator proceeds first
\n>>>5+4*2
\n13<\/p>\n

>>>
\n>>> (5+4)*2
\n18
\n>>><\/p>\n

=====================================================================================
\nThe IF statement<\/strong><\/p>\n

>>> myvar=50
\n>>> if myvar<100:
\nprint(“You are 100 %”)<\/p>\n

You are 100 %
\n>>><\/p>\n

>>> myvar=150
\n>>> if myvar<100:
\nprint(“You are 100 %”)<\/p>\n

>>>
\n=====================================================================================
\nThe ELSE Statement<\/strong><\/p>\n

>>> myvar=50
\n>>> if myvar<100:
\nprint(“your are short of 100 %”)
\nelse:
\nprint (“your in 100 %”)
\nprint (“thank you”)<\/p>\n

your are short of 100 %
\n>>><\/p>\n

============================================================================
\nThe ELIF Statement<\/strong><\/p>\n

>>> sp=1500
\n>>> cp=1200
\n>>> if (sp>cp):
\nprint(“congrats!”)
\nprint(“You’ve made profit of “, sp-cp,”bucks”)
\nelif (cp>sp):
\nprint(“oops!”)
\nprint(“You ve made a loss of “, cp-sp,”bucks”)
\nelse:
\nprint(“You did or lose money”)<\/p>\n

congrats!
\nYou’ve made profit of\u00a0 300 bucks<\/p>\n

>>> sp=1500
\n>>> cp=1500
\n>>> if (sp>cp):
\nprint(“congrats!”)
\nprint(“You’ve made profit of “, sp-cp,”bucks”)
\nelif (cp>sp):
\nprint(“oops!”)
\nprint(“You ve made a loss of “, cp-sp,”bucks”)
\nelse:
\nprint(“You did or lose money”)<\/p>\n

You did or lose money<\/p>\n

============================================================================
\nNested IF-ELSE<\/strong><\/p>\n

>>> char=input()
\nif ord(char)>=65\u00a0 and ord(char)<=90:
\nprint(“You entered an uper case alpabet.”)
\nif char in [‘A’,’E’,’I’,’O’,’U’]:
\nprint(“You entered a Vowel.”)
\nelse:
\nprint(“You entered a consonant.”)
\nelif ord(char)>=97\u00a0 and ord(char)<=122:
\nprint(“You entered a lower case alaphabet.”)
\nif char in [‘a’,’e’,’i’,’o’,’u’]:
\nprint(“you entered a vowel.”)
\nelse:
\nprint(“You entered a consonant.”)
\nelse:
\nprint(“you did not enter an alphabet.”)<\/p>\n

============================================================================<\/p>\n

The WHILE Loop<\/strong><\/p>\n

>>> var=1
\n>>> while(var<=10):
\nprint(“Hi! i am”, var)
\nvar=var+1
\nprint(“good bye!”)<\/p>\n

var=1
\n>>> while(var<=10):
\nprint(“Hi! i am”, var)
\nvar=var+1
\nprint(“hello”)
\nprint(“good bye!”)<\/p>\n

============================================================================
\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong>
\nThe FOR Loop<\/strong><\/p>\n

>>> count=0
\n>>> print(“Enter your name:”)
\nEnter your name:
\n>>> name=input()
\n>>> for letter in name:
\nif (letter in [‘A’,’E’,’I’,’O’,’U’,’a’,’e’,’i’,’o’,’u’]):
\ncount=count+1
\nprint(“You have”,count, “Vowels in your name.”)<\/p>\n

You have 1 Vowels in your name.
\nYou have 2 Vowels in your name.
\nYou have 3 Vowels in your name.
\nYou have 4 Vowels in your name.
\nYou have 5 Vowels in your name.
\nYou have 6 Vowels in your name.
\nYou have 7 Vowels in your name.
\nYou have 8 Vowels in your name.
\nYou have 9 Vowels in your name.
\n>>><\/p>\n

============================================================================
\nThe Break Statement<\/strong><\/p>\n

var=1
\nwhile(var<=15):
\nprint(var)
\nvar=var+1
\nprint(“Good bye”)<\/p>\n

1
\nGood bye
\n2
\nGood bye
\n3
\nGood bye
\n4
\nGood bye
\n5
\nGood bye
\n6
\nGood bye
\n7
\nGood bye
\n8
\nGood bye
\n9
\nGood bye
\n10
\nGood bye
\n11
\nGood bye
\n12
\nGood bye
\n13
\nGood bye
\n14
\nGood bye
\n15
\nGood bye
\n>>><\/p>\n

>>> var=1
\n>>> while(var<=15):
\nif(var==10):
\nbreak
\nprint(var)
\nvar=var+1
\nprint(“Good bye”)<\/p>\n

1
\nGood bye
\n2
\nGood bye
\n3
\nGood bye
\n4
\nGood bye
\n5
\nGood bye
\n6
\nGood bye
\n7
\nGood bye
\n8
\nGood bye
\n9
\nGood bye
\n============================================================================<\/p>\n

Application of Break Statement<\/p>\n

while True:
\nprint(“Enter\u00a0 a digit:”)
\nnum=input()
\nvar=str(num)
\nif(ord(var) in range(48,58)):
\nbreak
\nprint(“You are very obedient!”)<\/p>\n

============================================================================
\nNested Loops<\/p>\n

for var1 in range(2,101):
\nflag=True
\nfor var2 in range(2,var1-1):
\nif(var1%var2==0):
\nprint(var1,”is not a prime number”)
\nflag=False
\nbreak
\nif flag:
\nprint(var1, “is a prime number.”)<\/p>\n

============================================================================<\/p>\n

The Continue Statement<\/strong><\/p>\n

for var in range(1,16):
\nif(var in range(9,14)):
\ncontinue
\nelse:
\nprint(var)<\/p>\n

print(“Enter a string:”)
\nEnter a string:
\nvar=input()
\nfor letter in var:
\nif(leter==’ ‘):
\ncontinue
\nelse:
\nprint(letter)
\n========================================================================
\nNumeric Functions<\/strong><\/p>\n

abs(5)
\nabs(-5)<\/p>\n

import math
\nmath.ceil(35.74)<\/p>\n

>>> import math
\n>>> math.ceil(35.74)
\n36
\n>>> math.e
\n2.718281828459045
\n>>> math.exp(7)
\n1096.6331584284585
\n>>> math.e**7
\n1096.6331584284583
\n>>> math.floor(16.94)
\n16
\n>>> math.floor(-16.94)
\n-17
\n>>>
\n>>> math.sqrt(25)
\n5.0
\n>>>
\n>>> math.log(5)
\n1.6094379124341003
\n>>> math.log(math.e)
\n1.0
\n>>> >>> math.log10(10)
\n1.0
\n>>><\/p>\n

>>> max(10,15,20,45-18)
\n27
\n>>> max(10,15,20,45-18)
\n27
\n>>> min(11,19,17,6-213)
\n-207
\n>>><\/p>\n

>>> round(17.234234)
\n17<\/p>\n

>>> math.modf(11.971)
\n(0.9710000000000001, 11.0)<\/p>\n

>>> math.pow(4,2)
\n16.0
\n>>><\/p>\n

>>> math.hypot(5,12)
\n13.0
\n>>> math.hypot(3,14)
\n14.317821063276352
\n>>><\/p>\n

>>> math.degrees(math.pi)
\n180.0
\n>>> math.degrees(-4)
\n-229.1831180523293
\n>>> math.radians(-229.18311)
\n-3.9999998594603414
\n>>><\/p>\n

========================================================================<\/p>\n

String Functions\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

 <\/p>\n

>>> str1=”hey, how are you?”
\n>>> str1.capitalize()
\n‘Hey, how are you?’<\/p>\n

>>> str1=”””tom is a good guy
\ntom is hard working
\ntom is honest
\ntom is team player
\ntom work out”””
\n>>> str1
\n‘tom is a good guy\\ntom is hard working\\ntom is honest\\ntom is team player\\ntom work out’
\n>>><\/p>\n

>>> str1.count(‘tom’)
\n5<\/p>\n

>>> str1=”rmohan.com”
\n>>> str1.endswith(‘.org’)
\nFalse
\n>>> str1.endswith(‘.com’)
\nTrue
\n>>><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

>>> str1=”catch me if you can”
\n>>> str1.find(‘you’)
\n12
\n>>><\/p>\n

>>> str1=”hey, how are you?”
\n>>> str1=”””tom is a good guy
\ntom is hard working
\ntom is honest
\ntom is team player
\ntom work out”””
\n>>> str1.count(‘tom’)
\n5
\n>>>
\n>>>
\n>>> str1=”rmohan.com”
\n>>> str1.endswith(‘.org’)
\nFalse
\n>>> str1.endswith(‘.com’)
\nTrue
\n>>> str1.endswith(‘.com’)
\nTrue<\/p>\n

>>> str1=”Hello World”
\n>>> str1.islower()
\nFalse
\n>>> str1=”hello world”
\n>>> str1.islower()
\nTrue
\n>>><\/p>\n

>>> str1=”!!!!!!what’s up dudes?”
\n>>> str1.lstrip(‘!’)
\n“what’s up dudes?”
\n>>> str1=”!!!!!!what’s up dudes?”
\n>>> str1.lstrip(‘!’)
\n“what’s up dudes?”
\n>>> str1=”This is so cool!!!!!!”
\n>
\n>>> str1.rstrip(‘!’)
\n‘This is so cool’
\n>>> str1=”This is so cool!!!!!!”
\n>>> str1.rstrip(‘!’)
\n‘This is so cool’
\n>>> str1.upper()
\n‘THIS IS SO COOL!!!!!!’<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

>>> str=”I once had a fox”
\n>>> str1.replace(‘fox’,’lion’)
\n‘This is so cool!!!!!!’
\n>>> str1
\n‘This is so cool!!!!!!’
\n>>> str1=”I once had a fox”
\n>>> str1.replace(‘fox’,’lion’)
\n‘I once had a lion’
\n>>> str1=”I once had a fox”
\n>>> str1.replace(‘fox’,’lion’)
\n‘I once had a lion’
\n>>> str1
\n‘I once had a fox’
\n>>> str1=”Tom cuise”
\n>>> str1.split()
\n[‘Tom’, ‘cuise’]
\n>>><\/p>\n

>>> str1=”########GOOD MORNING########”
\n>>> str1.strip(‘#’)
\n‘GOOD MORNING’
\n>>><\/p>\n

>>>
\n>>> str1=”I LOVE python”
\n>>> str1.swapcase()
\n‘i love PYTHON’
\n>>> str1.swapcase()
\n‘i love PYTHON’
\n>>> str1.title()
\n‘I Love Python’
\n>>><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

List Functions\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

>>> mylist=[1,3,5,9,4]
\n>>> len(mylist)
\n5
\n>>> max(mylist)
\n9
\n>>> min(mylist)
\n1
\n>>> mylist=[3,3,3,3,3,1,1,5,5,5,7,7,7,7,9,9]
\n>>> mylist.count(7)
\n4
\n>>> mylist.append(8)
\n>>> mylist
\n[3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 1, 1, 5, 5, 5, 7, 7, 7, 7, 9, 9, 8]
\n>>> mylist.append(8)
\n>>> mylist
\n[3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 1, 1, 5, 5, 5, 7, 7, 7, 7, 9, 9, 8, 8]
\n>>><\/p>\n

>>> mylist=[4,1,9,3,7,2]
\n>>> mylist.insert(5,6)
\n>>> mylist
\n[4, 1, 9, 3, 7, 6, 2]
\n>>><\/p>\n

>>> mylist=[4,1,9,3,7,2]
\n>>> mylist.insert(5,6)
\n>>> mylist
\n[4, 1, 9, 3, 7, 6, 2]
\n>>> mylist.remove(9)
\n>>> mylist
\n[4, 1, 3, 7, 6, 2]
\n>>> mylist.reverse()
\n>>> mylist
\n[2, 6, 7, 3, 1, 4]
\n>>> mylist.sort()
\n>>> mylist
\n[1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7]
\n>>><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

===========================================================================<\/p>\n

Reading Specific Lines\u00a0 Text File<\/span><\/h1>\n

cat file.txt
\nline 1
\nline 2
\nline 3
\nline 4
\nline 5<\/p>\n

#!\/usr\/bin\/env python<\/p>\n

f = open(“file.txt”)
\nfor x, line in enumerate(f):
\nif x==3:
\nprint line
\nf.close()<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

#!\/usr\/bin\/env python<\/p>\n

f = open(“file.txt”)
\nfor x, line in enumerate(f):
\nif x==3:
\nprint line
\nelif x ==2:
\nprint line
\nf.close()<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Reading from a text file<\/p>\n

>>> infile = open(“test.txt”)
\n>>> dataline = infile.read()
\n>>> dataline
\n‘Hello world\\nTest1’
\n>>> dataline.split()
\n[‘Hello’, ‘world’, ‘Test1’]
\n>>><\/p>\n

======================================================================<\/p>\n

Tuple Functions<\/span><\/h1>\n

>>> mytuple=(1,2,’lamb’,’apple’,7)
\n>>> len(mytuple)
\n5
\n>>> mytuple=(78,84,112,-91,43,221)
\n>>> max(mytuple)
\n221
\n>>> min(mytuple)
\n-91
\n~<\/p>\n

Dictionary Functions<\/span><\/h1>\n

>> movies={1994: ‘Pulp Fiction’ , 1997: ‘Seven’,2000: ‘Cast Away’ ,2006: ‘Blood Diamond’}
\n>>> movies.keys()
\ndict_keys([2000, 1994, 1997, 2006])
\n>>> movies.values()
\ndict_values([‘Cast Away’, ‘Pulp Fiction’, ‘Seven’, ‘Blood Diamond’])
\n>>> new={1972:”The GodFather”,1980:”Raging Bull”,2004:”The Aviator”}
\n>>> new
\n{1980: ‘Raging Bull’, 1972: ‘The GodFather’, 2004: ‘The Aviator’}
\n>>><\/p>\n

>>> movies.update(new)
\n>>> movies
\n{2000: ‘Cast Away’, 1972: ‘The GodFather’, 2006: ‘Blood Diamond’, 2004: ‘The Aviator’, 1994: ‘Pulp Fiction’, 1980: ‘Raging Bull’, 1997: ‘Seven’}
\n>>> movies.clear()
\n>>> movies
\n{}
\n>>><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Data Type Conversion<\/p>\n

a) int(55.89)<\/p>\n

b) float(36)<\/p>\n

my_string=str(9500)<\/p>\n

Tuple >>> tuple(“This is a string.”) (‘T’, ‘h’, ‘i’, ‘s’, ‘ ‘, ‘i’, ‘s’, ‘ ‘, ‘a’, ‘ ‘, ‘s’, ‘t’, ‘r’, ‘i’, ‘n’, ‘g’, ‘.’) >>><\/p>\n

list(“This will be a list”)<\/p>\n

>>> list(“This will be a list”) [‘T’, ‘h’, ‘i’, ‘s’, ‘ ‘, ‘w’, ‘i’, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[74],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mohan.sg\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4590"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mohan.sg\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mohan.sg\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mohan.sg\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mohan.sg\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4590"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/mohan.sg\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4590\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4594,"href":"https:\/\/mohan.sg\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4590\/revisions\/4594"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mohan.sg\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4590"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mohan.sg\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4590"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mohan.sg\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4590"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}