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November 2024
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DER vs. CRT vs. CER vs. PEM

Certificates and Encodings

At its core an X.509 certificate is a digital document that has been encoded and/or digitally signed according to RFC 5280.

In fact, the term X.509 certificate usually refers to the IETF’s PKIX Certificate and CRL Profile of the X.509 v3 certificate standard, as specified in RFC 5280, commonly referred to as […]

Multipath config status check in Linux

Multipath config status check in Linux Using dmsetup command:

# ls -lrt /dev/mapper //To View the Mapper disk paths and Lvols

#dmsetup table

#dmsetup ls

#dmsetup status

Using Multipathd Command ( Daemon )

#echo ‘show paths’ |multipathd -k

#echo ‘show maps’ |multipathd -k

Explained multipathd below:

A.DISPLAY PATH STATUS

Multipathd has a mode (the […]

Redirecting the Server Console to the Serial Port Using Linux Operating System:

Although the server’s ILOM has a redirection feature that allows you to do this, you can also redirect the server console to the serial port by doing the following for either Red Hat (RHEL) or Suse (SLES):

 

1. Add the following line in /etc/inittab file (for SLES, this line might already exist but be […]

How to change Time zone in Linux

# cd /etc # rm localtime //delete the existing localtime file

Check the available time zones in US

# ls /usr/share/zoneinfo/US/ Alaska Arizona Eastern Hawaii Michigan Pacific Aleutian Central East-Indiana Indiana-Starke Mountain Samoa

Note: For other country timezones, browse the /usr/share/zoneinfo directory

Now we can change the time zone using below step

 

 

# […]

Hp Servers

ML, DL & BL indicate the families for HPs lineup of Industry Standard Servers: ProLiant.

BL = Blades= HP BladeSystem. Up to 16 server &/or storge blades + Networking, sharing power and cooling in 10u enclosure

DL = Density LIne = Rack mount ProLiant server. Here, HP puts as many features as possible in as […]

Booting Process of Linux Redhat & Centos

You have to keep in mind when you installed Linux that the installation process prompted you for a list of partitions & the sizes of each in which your filesystems would be placed.

1. When apportioning disk space for the partitions, the first sector, or knowledge unit, for each partition is always reserved for programmable […]

Assign Virtual IPs to your NIC

Edit file /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0.

DEVICE=eth0

BOOTPROTO=static

BROADCAST=192.168.0.255

HWADDR=00:00:00:00:00:00

IPADDR=192.168.10.2

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

NETWORK=192.168.10.0

ONBOOT=yes

TYPE=Ethernet

GATEWAY=192.168.10.1

 

Make a copy of this in the same directory naming the new file ifcfg-eth0:1

# cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth0\:1

 

Modify /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0:1 file. Modification are in bold

DEVICE=eth0:1

BOOTPROTO=static

BROADCAST=192.168.0.255

HWADDR=00:00:00:00:00:00

IPADDR=192.168.10.101

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

NETWORK=192.168.10.0

ONBOOT=yes

TYPE=Ethernet

GATEWAY=192.168.10.1

# cp ifcfg-eth0\:1 /etc/sysconfig/networking/devices/

[…]

How to take Linux backups powered by Rsync

RSync backups data and does it very clean and well. Rsync only transfers those data that have been modified and changed so that the destination host has an exact replica from the source host. Rysnc is a command line backup tool that handles data transfers in an effective and secure manner like any other known […]

How to Prevent the reuse of old passwords

For RHEL/Fedora distribution

To remember the last 5 passwords, add the line below to the file /etc/pam.d/system-auth file:

password sufficient /lib/security/pam_unix.so use_authtok md5 shadow remember=5

For Debian/ubuntu distribution

To remember the last 5 passwords, add the line below to the file /etc/pam.d/common-password file:

password sufficient /lib/security/pam_unix.so use_authtok md5 shadow remember=5

Automatic Users Logout After a Period of Inactivity

* For SH/BASH/TCSH

Below script will implement a 5 minute idle time-out for the default /bin/bash shell.

Step 1: Create file autologut.sh

# vi /etc/profile.d/autologout.sh

Add New

Append the following code:

TMOUT=300

readonly TMOUT

export TMOUT

Step 2: Save and close the file. Set permissions:

# chmod +x /etc/profile.d/autologout.sh

 

*For tcsh version follow the […]