|
|
MySQL 8.0.1 has just been released with a wonderful set of features across the board. Specifically in replication, there is plenty of new and exciting functionality as well as performance improvements. In this post I am going to summarize the replication features of this development milestone release.
- The Group Replication plugin. You can now use Group Replication together with MySQL 8.0.1. Group Replication had been released as a server plugin in MySQL 5.7.17 and it is now released together with MySQL 8.0.1 as well.
- Transaction SAVEPOINT support in Group Replication. Transaction savepoints are now supported in Group Replication.
- Commit timestamps in the binary log. The binary log generated by a MySQL 8.0.1 master contains two new timestamps referring to the points in time when the transaction was committed on the original master and on the immediate master. This is interesting in chained replication scenarios, as transactions may have committed several hops up the chain. As such, these timestamps are useful for tracking how much a slave is behind the immediate and original master, or for instance, to compute more precisely how much delay the slave applier should introduce while handling a transaction.
- Improved Delayed Replication. By relying on the extra timestamp information in the binary log, immediate commit and original commit timestamps, the binary log applier is capable of better calculating the delay it needs to introduce. This work makes the delay calculation more reliable in chained replication scenarios.
- More instrumentation for the replication applier. New fields were added to the existing performance schema tables. The user can now see at which time the last transaction in the applier was queued in the relay log, when it was processed and when it was applied. In addition, the newly introduced immediate and original commit timestamps are also exposed. This feature will greatly help users to profile the applier execution and conduct analysis when they find that for some reason there is replication lag.
- Channel specific filters in multi-source replication. This allows user to specify different replication filter rules for different replication channels. Therefore, the slave will be able to filter out (or transform) the execution of selected replicated changes on a per-source basis.
- Additional Metadata in the binary log. The binary log from a MySQL 8.0.1 server shall contain additional table metadata information into the ROW-based changes. For instance, whether a numeric column is SIGNED or UNSIGNED, additional information about column character set, or even the name of the columns. The user is also able to control the amount of metadata logged.
- RESET MASTER command extensions. The RESET MASTER command was extended. The user can now specify the binary log file index number to start from once the reset happens, instead of starting from .000001. The bulk of this patch was contributed by Daniël van Eeden (see BUG#77482). Thank you Daniël!
- Synchronized DDL and binary log commits. With the new data dictionary work done in MySQL 8, there are several DDL statements that were made atomic. As such, DDLs can be synchronized with the binary log commit operation, and as a consequence both are kept in sync. In the event of the server crashing while the DDL changes are being written to the binary log, then on recovery, the DDL will either be committed or rolled back, depending whether the DDL changes were fully written to the binary log or not, respectively. In summary, several DDL statements are now as crash-safe as regular DML statements with respect to replication operations.
- More efficient replication threads. By improving the synchronization between receiver (I/O) and applier (SQL) threads, the slave applier throughput goes up considerably. This improvement alone can, in some workloads, get a throughput increase of up to 24% on Sysbench RW and up to 64% on Sysbench Update Index.
- Write-set based multi-threaded applier scheduling policy. Group replication uses write-sets to first detect conflicting transactions and also to establish dependencies between transactions, deeming which can and cannot be applied in parallel. In MySQL 8.0.1 this functionality was extended to asynchronous replication by making the master also track dependencies between transactions by looking into their write-sets. As such, it can calculate the optimal parallelization window and encode that in the binary log. Then the applier on the slave can use this information to apply as many transactions in parallel as possible. This approach is quite interesting, since this enhancement means that the slave can even apply in parallel a workload that is single threaded on the master! Typically, this will exhibit a large throughput improvement, even when compared to the commit order parallelization scheme introduced in MySQL 5.7 which was already a huge leap forward back then.
- Configuration variable to expire binary logs after N seconds. A new system variable, binlog_expire_logs_seconds, was introduced. It allows the user to instruct the server to automatically expire a log that is older than the number of seconds configured.
MySQL 8.0.1 is an interesting release. In the replication context alone, it exhibits quite a compelling list of new features. These range from more instrumentation and monitoring extensions, to additional metadata and information in the binary log, to better performance and efficiency and to improved configurability and overall management of the replication framework. But, there is no need to repeat myself. And as a matter of fact, there shall be additional blog posts detailing the new features, so stay tuned! Meanwhile, you can download the new MySQL 8.0.1 DMR and check it out. As usual, lets us know your feedback, e.g., through bug reports, feature requests, the replication mailing list or even through comments on this or other blogs on this website. Mind you that MySQL 8.0.1 is a development milestone release (DMR), thence not declared generally available yet. Use it at your own risk.
Enjoy MySQL 8.0.1.
MySQL is arguably the most popular and common RDBMS. The last major release was MySQL 5.7 back in 2013.
As of today, several development milestones were declared for MySQL v8.0, but there is no official release available yet.
Tip: Do not click here if all your SQL queries are fast as lightning!
Even though there is no official software release to download and use yet, the list of features for MySQL 8.0 was officially announced, which makes it a great point in time to talk about it and share these great enhancements with you.
So without further ado, let’s dive into listing the new comers to MySQL 8.0:
- Roles – Very exciting feature that allows to create roles in MySQL server and assign specific privileges to them. These roles can be assigned to users. So from now you don’t have to remember which permissions a programmer from team X needs, and should a QA from team Y needs privilege Z. Also, it’s very easy to set up:
- Creating a new role:
CREATE ROLE 'app_developer', 'app_read', 'app_write';
|
- Assigning privileges to roles:
GRANT SELECT ON app_db.* TO 'app_read';
|
- Assigning the role to a user:
GRANT 'app_read' TO 'read_user1'@'localhost', 'read_user2'@'localhost';
|
- Invisible index – ever wanted to just hide an index you currently don’t need, without actually dropping it? Now you can. If you’re not sure if you need an index, you can mark it as invisible and MySQL optimizer won’t use it. After monitoring for your server and queries performance, you can decide to re-activate it in case you believe it will result in a performance boost.
- Configuration Persistence – Changing configuration during MySQL runtime is commonly done using SET GLOBAL. This disadvantage in this technique is that the changes will not survive a server restart. here comes SET PERSIST to the rescue, which does exactly that, apply configuration changes which survive a MySQL server restart.
- Default character set and collation – Starting MySQL 8.0, the default character set will be utf8mb4 and the collation will be utf8mb4_800_ci_ai. These are great news and one step ahead towards standardized multilingual support in data driven applications.
- UUID Enhancements – UUIDs are usually used to generate unique ids in tables. Starting this new version, MySQL can hold these values in a VARBINARY(16) column instead of CHAR(36). The impact of this change is better storage usage and performance improvement. Also, three new functions were introduced to handle these UUID values: BIN_TO_UUID(), UUID_TO_BIN(), IS_UUID().
- Cost Model Improvements – for the first time, MySQL’s cost model will look into the memory and check if the relevant data for the query already resides in memory. As a result of this change, different query plans can be chosen. this will happen automatically without need for extra configuration.
- Descending Indexes – MySQL now allows to create descending indexes and scan them in a reverse order, without performance penalty. This was possible in the past, but you would have to take the performance hit on that.
- Common Table Expressions – CTE is a new feature (which is already available in other databases) that will simplify the way you write complex queries. To put it in simple words, using this feature (the WITH select) will automatically create a temporary table behind the scenes, which you can use in the same query and refer to it. This temporary table / view can only be used in that single query. This feature introduces both readability and performance improvements.
I’m very excited and look forward to have see this software version released. Many great enhancements are introduced by the MySQL team in v8.0. Keep tuned for more information soon.
expect,sshpass,pash
rpm -qa expect
yum install expect -y
useradd mohan
echo 123456|passwd –stdin mohan
su – mohan
ssh-keygen -t dsa -P ” -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa >/dev/null 2>&1
yum install lrzsz -y
cat mohan_sshkey.exp
#!/usr/bin/expect
if { $argc !=2 } {
send_user “usage: expect mohan_sshkey.exp file host\n”
exit
}
#define var
set file [lindex $argv 0]
set host [lindex $argv 1]
set password “123456”
#spawn scp /etc/hosts root@10.0.0.142:/etc/hosts
#spawn scp -P52113 $file testserver@$host:$dir
spawn ssh-copy-id -i $file “-p 22 oldgirl888@$host”
expect {
“yes/no” {send “yes\r” ;exp_continue}
“password” {send “$password\r”}
}
expect cof
exit -onexit {
send_user “testserver say good bye to you!\n”
}
#script usage
#expect testserver-6.exp file host dir
#example
#expect mohan_sshkey.exp file host dir
#expect mohan_sshkey.exp ~/etc/hosts 10.0.0.41:~
expect mohan_sshkey.exp .ssh/id_dsa.pub 192.168.1.21
#!/bin/sh
. /etc/init.d/functions
for ip in 8 31 41
do
expect mohan_sshkey.exp ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub 192.168.1.$ip >/dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
action “$ip” /bin/true
else
action “$ip” /bin/false
fi
done
[root@clusterserver1 software]# mysqlcheck mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
mysql.columns_priv
error : Table upgrade required. Please do “REPAIR TABLE `columns_priv`” or dump/reload to fix it!
mysql.db OK
mysql.event
error : Table upgrade required. Please do “REPAIR TABLE `event`” or dump/reload to fix it!
mysql.func OK
mysql.general_log
error : Table upgrade required. Please do “REPAIR TABLE `general_log`” or dump/reload to fix it!
mysql.help_category OK
mysql.help_keyword OK
mysql.help_relation OK
mysql.help_topic OK
mysql.host OK
mysql.ndb_binlog_index OK
mysql.plugin OK
mysql.proc
error : Table upgrade required. Please do “REPAIR TABLE `proc`” or dump/reload to fix it!
mysql.procs_priv
error : Table upgrade required. Please do “REPAIR TABLE `procs_priv`” or dump/reload to fix it!
mysql.proxies_priv
error : Table upgrade required. Please do “REPAIR TABLE `proxies_priv`” or dump/reload to fix it!
mysql.servers OK
mysql.slow_log
error : Table upgrade required. Please do “REPAIR TABLE `slow_log`” or dump/reload to fix it!
mysql.tables_priv
error : Table upgrade required. Please do “REPAIR TABLE `tables_priv`” or dump/reload to fix it!
mysql.time_zone OK
mysql.time_zone_leap_second OK
mysql.time_zone_name OK
mysql.time_zone_transition OK
mysql.time_zone_transition_type OK
mysql.user OK
[root@clusterserver1 software]# mysqlcheck mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
mysql.columns_priv
error : Table upgrade required. Please do “REPAIR TABLE `columns_priv`” or dump/reload to fix it!
mysql.db OK
mysql.event
error : Table upgrade required. Please do “REPAIR TABLE `event`” or dump/reload to fix it!
mysql.func OK
mysql.general_log
error : Table upgrade required. Please do “REPAIR TABLE `general_log`” or dump/reload to fix it!
mysql.help_category OK
mysql.help_keyword OK
mysql.help_relation OK
mysql.help_topic OK
mysql.host OK
mysql.ndb_binlog_index OK
mysql.plugin OK
mysql.proc
error : Table upgrade required. Please do “REPAIR TABLE `proc`” or dump/reload to fix it!
mysql.procs_priv
error : Table upgrade required. Please do “REPAIR TABLE `procs_priv`” or dump/reload to fix it!
mysql.proxies_priv
error : Table upgrade required. Please do “REPAIR TABLE `proxies_priv`” or dump/reload to fix it!
mysql.servers OK
mysql.slow_log
error : Table upgrade required. Please do “REPAIR TABLE `slow_log`” or dump/reload to fix it!
mysql.tables_priv
error : Table upgrade required. Please do “REPAIR TABLE `tables_priv`” or dump/reload to fix it!
mysql.time_zone OK
mysql.time_zone_leap_second OK
mysql.time_zone_name OK
mysql.time_zone_transition OK
mysql.time_zone_transition_type OK
mysql.user OK
[root@clusterserver1 software]#
[root@clusterserver1 software]#
[root@clusterserver1 software]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.7.19 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> REPAIR TABLE `columns_priv`;
ERROR 1046 (3D000): No database selected
mysql> REPAIR TABLE `columns_priv`
-> ;
ERROR 1046 (3D000): No database selected
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@clusterserver1 software]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 5.7.19 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> REPAIR TABLE `columns_priv`;
+——————–+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
| Table | Op | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+——————–+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
| mysql.columns_priv | repair | Note | TIME/TIMESTAMP/DATETIME columns of old format have been upgraded to the new format. |
| mysql.columns_priv | repair | status | OK |
+——————–+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> REPAIR TABLE `db`;
+———-+——–+———-+———-+
| Table | Op | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+———-+——–+———-+———-+
| mysql.db | repair | status | OK |
+———-+——–+———-+———-+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> REPAIR TABLE `proc`;
+————+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
| Table | Op | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+————+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
| mysql.proc | repair | Note | TIME/TIMESTAMP/DATETIME columns of old format have been upgraded to the new format. |
| mysql.proc | repair | Warning | Incorrect datetime value: ‘0000-00-00 00:00:00’ for column ‘modified’ at row 1 |
| mysql.proc | repair | Error | Invalid default value for ‘modified’ |
| mysql.proc | repair | status | Operation failed |
+————+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> REPAIR TABLE `procs_priv`;
+——————+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
| Table | Op | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+——————+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
| mysql.procs_priv | repair | Note | TIME/TIMESTAMP/DATETIME columns of old format have been upgraded to the new format. |
| mysql.procs_priv | repair | status | OK |
+——————+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> REPAIR TABLE `proxies_priv`;
+——————–+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
| Table | Op | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+——————–+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
| mysql.proxies_priv | repair | Note | TIME/TIMESTAMP/DATETIME columns of old format have been upgraded to the new format. |
| mysql.proxies_priv | repair | status | OK |
+——————–+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> REPAIR TABLE `slow_log`;
+—————-+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
| Table | Op | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+—————-+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
| mysql.slow_log | repair | Note | TIME/TIMESTAMP/DATETIME columns of old format have been upgraded to the new format. |
| mysql.slow_log | repair | status | OK |
+—————-+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> REPAIR TABLE `tables_priv`;
+——————-+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
| Table | Op | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+——————-+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
| mysql.tables_priv | repair | Note | TIME/TIMESTAMP/DATETIME columns of old format have been upgraded to the new format. |
| mysql.tables_priv | repair | status | OK |
+——————-+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> REPAIR TABLE `columns_priv`;
+——————–+——–+———-+———-+
| Table | Op | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+——————–+——–+———-+———-+
| mysql.columns_priv | repair | status | OK |
+——————–+——–+———-+———-+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> REPAIR TABLE `event`;
+————-+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
| Table | Op | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+————-+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
| mysql.event | repair | Note | TIME/TIMESTAMP/DATETIME columns of old format have been upgraded to the new format. |
| mysql.event | repair | Warning | Incorrect datetime value: ‘0000-00-00 00:00:00’ for column ‘modified’ at row 1 |
| mysql.event | repair | Error | Invalid default value for ‘modified’ |
| mysql.event | repair | status | Operation failed |
+————-+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> REPAIR TABLE `general_log`;
+——————-+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
| Table | Op | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+——————-+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
| mysql.general_log | repair | Note | TIME/TIMESTAMP/DATETIME columns of old format have been upgraded to the new format. |
| mysql.general_log | repair | status | OK |
+——————-+——–+———-+————————————————————————————-+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@clusterserver1 software]# mysqlcheck mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
mysql.columns_priv OK
mysql.db OK
mysql.event
error : Table upgrade required. Please do “REPAIR TABLE `event`” or dump/reload to fix it!
mysql.func OK
mysql.general_log OK
mysql.help_category OK
mysql.help_keyword OK
mysql.help_relation OK
mysql.help_topic OK
mysql.host OK
mysql.ndb_binlog_index OK
mysql.plugin OK
mysql.proc
error : Table upgrade required. Please do “REPAIR TABLE `proc`” or dump/reload to fix it!
mysql.procs_priv OK
mysql.proxies_priv OK
mysql.servers OK
mysql.slow_log OK
mysql.tables_priv OK
mysql.time_zone OK
mysql.time_zone_leap_second OK
mysql.time_zone_name OK
mysql.time_zone_transition OK
mysql.time_zone_transition_type OK
mysql.user OK
CENTOS 7 MySQL 5.7
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm
yum install -y mysql-community-server
systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@clusterserver1 software]# systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@clusterserver1 software]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.19 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.
mysql>update mysql.user set authentication_string=password(“test123″) where user=”root” and Host=”localhost”;
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql>quit;
systemctl restart mysqld;
vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
skip-grant-tables
skip-networking
[root@clusterserver1 software]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.19 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘test123’ WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql> select host, user from user;
+—————————+——+
| host | user |
+—————————+——+
| 127.0.0.1 | root |
| ::1 | root |
| clusterserver1.rmohan.com | |
| clusterserver1.rmohan.com | root |
| localhost | |
| localhost | root |
+—————————+——+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
-A INPUT -m state –state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
mysql> status;
————–
mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.19, for Linux (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper
Connection id: 5
Current database:
Current user: root@localhost
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ”
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 5.7.19 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: latin1
Db characterset: latin1
Client characterset: utf8
Conn. characterset: utf8
UNIX socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Uptime: 3 min 28 sec
Threads: 1 Questions: 44 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 56 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 49 Queries per second avg: 0.211
————–
The development of any nation lies in the improvement of the health, education and trade of that country. Keeping good health keeps you mentally and physically fit which is essential for people to contribute towards their country. It is said that the stronger the foundation, the stronger will be the building. Similarly education forms the base on which many talents have to be nourished. So an education with strong values and principles will form the groundwork, and shape a path for many able and genius scholars. Furthermore the trade is essential to keep up with the basic economic requirements of any country. The flourishing of business activities is directly proportional to the development of any nation.
Richer nations play a vital role in cultivating and prospering the poorer nations. Instead of giving grants and loans they can directly help the poorer nations in educating, training and developing business with them. For Instance Cuba a small country is known for its world class health services. Strong network of health services in Cuba ensures that not only the citizens can reach the doctors anytime, but the doctors also visit every citizen for checkup twice a year.
When talking about education, Finland’s free and equal education for everybody is a typical example which demonstrates how any government can strengthen its education system. In addition to it, if you remember, Japan was devastated after Hiroshima & Nagasaki bombing. Japan has emerged from a wrecked nation and built a world-class best public transport services, which has been the backbone of the trade in the country.
To conclude, the richer nations should act like a mentor and strengthen up the process of developing the poorer nation.
Most people in what are known as the developed nations have homes full of gadgets and labor-saving devices, from vacuum cleaners and dishwashers to the latest in computer technology. Some people claim that despite all these labor-saving devices, we seem to have less free time. In your opinion, has technology improved the quality of life or made it more complicated? Support your arguments with reasons and/or examples from your own experience and observations.
Over the last few decades, the technology has evolved at a pace like nothing has ever progressed before. Our day to day life is dependent and influenced by gadgets all the time. A few years back, most of the houses would have a computer, a calculator, a camera, a common telephone. All these things are now replaced by a single device – the mobile phone. The advancement in technology has brought the whole world to the small hand-held device.
With the advent of technology available to build applications on top of the available operating system and easy access to computers at low cost has brought in a revolution of sort. The way we communicate has now moved from the traditional talks to instant messaging, icons, emoticons, pictures and videos. Applications like WhatsApp, SnapChat, Skype, Facebook etc. has brought world together and much more connected that ever before.
On the other hand, along with real-time means of communication and share things, the information that was confined in books and within small groups are now available at the click of a button. There is live broadcasting of current affairs and the happenings around the world. The flood of information from all directions has, on the contrary, to connected, disconnected an individual from the people around us. People now spend more time on mobile devices and less time looking around and talking to people sitting next to them. This disconnected connect has actually brought in depression because not everyone can do everything that others are doing.
Citing both the views, I would say it while the technology has brought in devices and connections in the virtual world, people have moved away in the real life. Time wasted being on the devices has actually made less time available for the people around us.
Violence portrayed on TV and in the movies leads to an increase in crime in our society. People who watch violent movies are more likely to become criminals. Do you agree or disagree?
Since the time the television was invented in the 1940’s, it has been the foremost form of entertainment for the young and the old alike. The amount of information and entertainment available on TV was unparalleled till date. The television has always been a part of a families entertainment time.
The with the advancements in technology and easy access to low-cost equipment, there is far more variety of programmes available, from drama to comedy, from sports to adventure, and from food to fighting. Among other things, there is loads of violence and sex programmes and films available to watch at all times. As television is watched by people of all ages, including children and the access to all this content, television is a dangerous place. The children are too innocent to decipher between the right and the wrong. They easily get influenced by the violence shown on TV.
The way a villain’s lives is depicted as adventurous, attractive and full of fun, kids get influenced by the way the fictional character walk, talk and interact with others in film’s and programmes. The kids see the act of smoking, consuming alcohol, and tottering guns and fighting, as a way of life. Long exposure of such content to a child leads to the imitation of such behaviour. To add to all this is the little time parents spend with children due to long work hours. This lack of attention from parents and no one to correct their behaviour at an early stage leads to a negative prejudice mind.
To conclude the topic, I would like to suggest that it is mandatory that the government should bring law’s that deal with restriction of content. Also, set parameters to regulate the quality of content that is allowed on television. The unrestricted content has made adults and young once take up crime and lead to an overall depletion of the society.
Sporting activities like bungee jump, sky-diving, wing-suit surfing etc. are known as extreme sports. These activities, when done provide an adrenaline rush like nothing else. Over the past few years, there has been a significant growth in the number of people indulging in such activities, turning it into a multi-billion dollar industry. But along with excitement comes the risk of losing once life as well.
To begin on a positive note, I see these activities as a way to concur once fears, a mean to gain confidence, and learn to appreciate the life’s difficulties. When an individual indulges in extreme sporting activities, it not provides the person with a short boost of excitement but gives the person the energy and exhilaration to achieve every task better in the day to day life. A person is motivated to go above and beyond his limits. Do things which the person previously thought were not something he could perform and conquer. A person afraid of heights when goes on to do sky-diving, his phobia ceases to exist. A person afraid of water when goes on to do scuba diving, his fear diminishes.
On the other hand, over the past years, there are hundreds of reports of people losing their life while taking part in such activities. Due to lack of following safety measures, or just due to the failure of equipment has claimed many lives. In a recent case, a woman doing tandem sky-dive lost her life along with the instructor due to equipment failure.
To paraphrase the above, I feel everything we do and take part in has both, the negative and the positive face. It depends on a person to take this risk or not.
Over the last few decades, there have been significant advancements in the fields of sciences, technology and medicine. The main reason behind each is the improvements in the field computer technology. Today the world is a global village with farthest corners of the world connected to each other at the click of a button. The mobile communication has opened far more and greater channels of being connected and communicate. Just like same technology everywhere to connect, there is a need for a common language as well.
Between the 17th to the 20th century, the British ruled almost the entire world. While moving from one part of the world to another, the most significant thing that they took along was their language, English. As the empire expanded to the far corners of the world, so did the language. Over time, several countries have adopted English as their primary official language along with the native language. If not for English today, each country would be in silos and will not able to grow as part of the global economy.
Due to the English language, a person sitting in China can communicate with a person living in France and able to do efficient business. Even young students are able to migrate to western countries for higher and better education, followed by some amazing career options. English is a primary language requirement in the case of permanent immigration as well.
While Chinese Mandarin is the most spoken language around the world, but having been confined within the country, it can never have an impact as much as English has on the world. Saying so I believe that English is, and will remain the dominant language through globalisation.
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