IS Interview Questions and Answers
IIS Interview Questions and Answers
Differences between IIS5.0 and IIS6.0
IIS5 comes in windows 2000 server.
IIS6 comes in windows 2003 server.
IIS5 is 32bit architecture
IIS6 is 32bit and 64bit architecture.
IIS5 is TCP/IP Kernal mode
IIS6 is HTTP.SYS Kernal mode.
IIS5 Multiple DLL hosts work in low,medium and high processes.
IIS6 IIS5 Isolation mode and Workerprocesser Isolation mode.
IIS5 Metabase is binary we cannot edit.
IIS6 Metabase is XML format.
Differences between 6.0 and 7.0
IIS6 comes in windows 2003 server.
IIS7 comes in windows 2008 server.
IIS6 custom made with dlls
IIS7 introduced Modules, we can install the required features only.
Even if your website was developed with asp code for IIS 6 you can change your settings in IIS 7. so that youWebsites > domainname > Website Configuration > IIS Application Pool > Change it to “Classic” mode
Even if your website was developed with asp code for IIS 5 we can downgrade to IIS5 Isolation mode.
In IIS6 www service will work as single component.
In IIS7 SVChost.exe devided into two subprocess that is www service and Windows process activation service. here www service will work as mediator.
In IIS6 we need to install certificates on websites.
In IIS7 we can install a certificate on server and we can same certificate to multiple websites with sitebinding.
In IIS6 if need to know the running applicaitons and workerprocess,cpu and pid we need to run iisapp.vbs from command prompt.
In IIS7 we can know the inforation from features view by clicking on workerprocess.
In IIS6 HTTPS request response cycle contextswitching will laps performance. Lass.exe process for decription and encription will take some time.
In IIS7 reduces the context switching during the request response cycle and hence improves the overall performance.
What is the Role of IIS ?
Visual studio having It own ASP.NET Engine which is capable enough to run Asp.net web application from visual studio. So we just click on Run button to start the application.
Now this is the scenarios of local environment. But If we want to host it on server from where all user can access the sites then IIS comes into the picture.
IIS provides a redesigned WWW architecture that can help you achieve better performance, reliability, scalability, and security for our Web sites. IIS can support following Protocol HTTP/HTTPS, FTP, FTPS, SMTP Etc. We need to host the site on IIS, when request comes from client it first hits the IIS Server, then the server passed it to ASP.NET worker process to execute. Then the response also passes to client via IIS itself.
Note only Hosting of Site we can create our FTP Server, SMTP Server using IIS itself.
There are different version of IIS available like 5.1, 6.0, 7.0 etc
In which process does IIS runs (was asking about the EXE file)?
inetinfo.exe is the Microsoft IIS server running, handling ASP.NET requests among other things. When an ASP.NET request is received (usually a file with .aspx extension), the ISAPI filter aspnet_isapi.dll takes care of it by passing the request to the actual worker process aspnet_wp.exe.
Where are the IIS log files stored?
C:\WINDOWS\system32\Logfiles\W3SVC1
OR
c:\winnt\system32\LogFiles\W3SVC1
How can we check whether IIS is being installed in my system or not?
To verify if IIS is installed or not we need to go to ’Add or Remove Programs’ utility in the Control panel and click on the ’Add/Remove Windows Components’ in the side menu.
There we must locate an item called “Internet Information Services (IIS)”. If this is checked, IIS should be installed.
So that you can have your IIS installed in your system if it is not installed.
What is web garden ?
By default Each Application Pool runs with a Single Worker Process (W3Wp.exe). We can assign multiple Worker Process With a Single Application Pool.
An Application Poll with multiple Worker process called Web Gardens. Each Worker Process Should have there own Thread and Own Memory space.
How we can create an web garden ?
For creating web graden we need to go to Application Pool, then Right Click on Application Pool > Properties > Goto Performance Tab
In Web Garden Section, increase the number of worker process. By default it is 1.
What is Web Farm ?
When we hosted our web Application on multiple web server under a load balancer call the Web Farm. This is generally used for heavy load web application where there are many user request at a time. So When Web Application is hosted on Different IIS Server over a load balancer, Load balancer is responsible for distribute the load on different server.
Please have a look into this :
http://www.dotnetfunda.com/articles/article713-difference-between-web-farm-and-web-garden.aspx
How can we get the list of worker process running in IIS along with the Application pool name?
By running iisapp.vbs script from command Prompt.
Below are the steps :
1. Start > Run > Cmd
2. Go To Windows > System32
3. Run cscript iisapp.vbs
iisapp.vbs /p PID-NUMBER (Get PID Number From Task Manager)
In response, iisapp displays the specified application.
W3wp.exe PID: 1234 AppPoolID: MyAppPool
What are the worker process for IIS 5.1 and IIS 6.0 and IIS 7.0?
For IIS 5.1 > aspnet_wp.exe
For IIS 6.0 > w3wp.exe
For IIS 7.0 > w3wp.exe
What is the Role of Windows Activation Process in IIS ?
WAP is the Controller of Worker process under a Application Pool. Windows Activation Process which is managed by the worker process by starting, stopping and recycling the application pool. When to start, stop and Recycle should be defined on Application Pool Settings. Activation Process is also responsible for Health Monitor of Application Pool during runtime.
FYI : Health monitoring setting can be easily found in Properties of Application Pool.
What is the purpose of IIS application pools?
We use applicaiton pools for isolation purpose. Every application within an application pool used the same worker process. Each worker process operates as a separate instance of the worker process executable, W3wp.exe, the worker process that services one application pool is separated from the worker process that services another.
In simplest words we use applicaiton pools for ISOLATION purpose.
What are the different type of application pool available in IIS 7.0 ?
IIS 7.0 having two types of application pool.
- DefaultAppPool (Integrated)
- ClassicAppPool
How can we set the default page for any web application ?
We can set the default page for a web site from the Virtual Directory Setting.
How To :
IIS Manager > Virtual Directory > Right Click > Properties > GoTo Document Tab.
Is there any alternative way to host site on IIS rather than opening IIS Manager ?
Yes, We can directly host any site from the physical location of directory itself.
Right Click on Physical Folder > Properties > Web Sharing
There you need to select > “Share This Folder” Option Button. Then it will ask for alias name and other setting. Then Click on OK.
To Validate : Run > Inetmgr > Check there should an virtual directory with the same “Alias” name that you have given.
If there are already one Virtual directory exist it will showing you the error message while you providing the “Alias” name.
Can we create one Application Pool From Another Application Pool ?
Yes. We can.
While creating Application Application Pool From IIS, there should have two option available first one is for Default Setting and Another is for Existing Setting as template.
We can select the second one and from the drop down listed below we can select any on the Application Pool as Template,.
What are the main components of SVCHost.exe ?
Main components for SVCHost.exe are WWW Publishing Service (W3SVC) and Windows Activation Porcess (WAP) .
W3SVC is the mediator of HTTP.SYS and Windows Activation Process. Windows Activation Process maintain the worker processes.
How does IIS process an ASP.net request ?
When client request for an aspx pages, request comes to kernel level off IIS means to HTTP.SYS . HTTP.SYS receives the request and based on theapplication pool name [ Which is already registred with the HTTP.SYS ] it send the request to worker process. Windows Activation process works as mediator of them. w3wp.exe loads “aspnet_isapi.dll” files to start the HTTPRuntime . HTTPRuntime creates HTTPApplication objects and all request are passed through HTTPModule and finally reached to HttpHandler . This is the request pipeline. After end of Request pipeline ASP.NET Page lifecycle starts.
For more Information : http://www.codeproject.com/KB/aspnet/aspnetrequestarchitecture.aspx
What are the different “Execution Permission” available for IIS for an virtual directory ?
There are three Execution Permission available.
- None
- Scripts Only
- Scripts and Executable
From where you can change the ASP.NET Version in IIS ?
This can be change from Virtual Directory properties. First open Properties of Virtual Directory > GoTo ASP.NET Version Tab.
There we can have change the ASP.NET Version.
How can we take back-ups in IIS Server?
Step 1 : In the IIS (inetmgr), right click on the “Computer” icon under “Internet Information Services” . Click “All Tasks” and select “Backup/Restore Configuration”.
Step 2 : Click on button “Create backup”. Give Name for your backup file. If you want encryption enable encryption option and give UserName and Password and then click OK.
What are the new features in IIS7?
- Simple, Configurable Command Line Setup · Install only the IIS components needed to run your site.
- Great Compatibility · Most ASP and ASP.NET applications just worked.
- No More Metabase: Clean clear-text schema · IIS settings stored in XML configuration file (applicationHost.config) Metabase exists for SMTP/NNTP/FTP only ·
- Centralized Configuration · applicationHost.config stored on UNC share · Allows us tocopy.
- Delegated Configuration · Admin can now delegate IIS settings to application owner · Settings defined in web.config file in application directory ·
- AppCmd and Other New Management Options · Managing via the UI , task-based look and feel.
- Failed Request Tracing · Buffers the trace events for requests and flushes them to disk if they meet your failure criteria · Captures trace data while you’re sleeping.
- Request Filtering · No more URLScan · settings in applicationHost.config ·
What is Application Pool in IIS ?
Before Giving the Definition : you can say like this, Concept of Application pool has from IIS 6.0 .
Application pools are used to separate sets of IIS worker processes that share the same configuration and application boundaries. Application pools used to isolate our web application for better security, reliability, and availability and performance and keep running with out impacting each other . The worker process serves as the process boundary that separates each application pool so that when one worker process or application is having an issue or recycles, other applications or worker processes are not affected.
One Application Pool can have multiple worker process Also.
Main Point to Remember:
1. Isolation of Different Web Application
2. Individual worker process for different web application
3. More reliably web application
4. Better Performance
What is the Name of Default Application Pool in IIS ?
Though we can create new application pool IIS with different settings, but IIS having its own default application pool named : DefaultAppPool
What are the different types of Identity available in IIS 6.0 ?
IIS having three different Identity.
1. Local System
2. Local Services
3. NetworkServices
Name of default Identity of IIS6.0
Default Identity of IIS 6.0 is NetworkServices .
Which is having very minimum rights on your system. The user can only have the read access of the site.
What is Recycling of Application Pool ?
ecycling Application pool means recycle the Worker process (w3wp.exe ) and the memory used for the web application.
There are two types of recycling related with Application pool
1. Recycling Worker Process – Predefined Settings
2. Recycling Worker Process – Based on Memory
What are the main layers of IIS Architecture ?
IIS having mainly two layer Kernel Mode and User Mode
Below are the subsection of both of them.
1. Kernel Mode
o HTTP.SYS
2. User Mode
o Web Admin Service
o Virtual Directory
o Application Pool
What is the Role of Http.Sys in IIS ?
HTTP.SYS is the kernel level components of IIS. All client request comes from client hit the HTTP.Sys of Kernel level. HTTP.SYS then makes a queue for each and every request for each and individual application pool based on the request.
Whenever we create any application pool IIS automatically registers the pool with HTTP.SYS to identify the particular during request processing.
What is the purpose of IIS application pools?
We use applicaiton pools for isolation purpose. Every application within an application pool used the same worker process. Each worker process operates as a separate instance of the worker process executable, W3wp.exe, the worker process that services one application pool is separated from the worker process that services another.
In simplest words we use applicaiton pools for ISOLATION purpose.
what is Windows Process Activation Service ?
The Windows Process Activation Service (WAS) provides process activation, resource management and health management services for message-activated applications. It manages application pool configuration and the creation and lifetime of worker processes for HTTP and other protocols (net.tcp,net.pipe,net.msmq)
Details : http://techprudent.com/the-windows-process-activation-service/
and
MSDN : http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc735229%28WS.10%29.aspx
Generally IIS provides four different kinds of Authentication Methods they are :
Anonymous Method
If we select this authentication, IIS doesn’t perform any authentication so that any one can access the application.
Basic Method
If we select this method, the user who access the application should provide windows username and password to access the application. Although this is sent through a network by transmitting direct text so it it very insecure.
Digest Method
This method is almost equal to Basic method but the difference is the password is hashed before it is transmitted through out a network.
Windows Integrated Method
In this the application uses the Kerberos protocol to validate(Authenticate) the user. This uses a Secret key cryptography which provides strign authentication for Client/Server applications.
What is IIS metabase? And In which format IIS stors configurations?
IIS metabase is a special databse which is used to maintain the settings and configurations data for IIS. In simple term, it is a configuration base for IIS (Metabase.xml).
IIS 5.0 –> Metabse is in Binary.
IIS 6.0 & 7.5 –> Metabase is in XML.
What is the default user name of an anonymous login in IIS?
In IIS, an anonymous user will be given with a user name of “IUSR_MachineName ”
How can we take back-ups in IIS Server?
Step 1 : In the IIS (inetmgr), right click on the “Computer” icon under “Internet Information Services” . Click “All Tasks” and select “Backup/Restore Configuration”.
Step 2 : Click on button “Create backup”. Give Name for your backup file. If you want encryption enable encryption option and give UserName and Password and then click OK.
How can we check whether IIS is being installed in my system or not?
To verify if IIS is installed or not we need to go to ’Add or Remove Programs’ utility in the Control panel and click on the ’Add/Remove Windows Components’ in the side menu.
There we must locate an item called “Internet Information Services (IIS)”. If this is checked, IIS should be installed.
So that you can have your IIS installed in your system if it is not installed
Can We attach more than one server certificate to a Web site?
No. Each Web site can have only one server certificate attached to it.
Can We attach the same server certificate to more than one site?
Yes. A server certificate can be attached to as many Web sites as needed.
Can We attach a server certificate to an FTP site?
No. FTP sites do not support Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) features
How will you call a Website from another computer connected in LAN?
In order to call a website from another computer in LAN.We will have to Host the Website in one Machines in the LAN and provide it a Static Private IP.
Once we are done with, we can treat it as a dummy server.
Once the website is hosted then we can call the website from the Private static IP of the machine in which the web app is hosted.
Eg :- if the web app is named as abc and the private IP is 192.168.1.2
then from another machine we can call the app as
How to install our webapplication in IIS webserver?
- X-copy deployment.
2.create setup package and install the servermachine.
3.use deployment tools
4.Drag and drop all files in your machine to virtual folder.
How to run miltiple websites with same prot numer and different IP address?
yes, we can use multiple websites with same port number and different iP address.
What are the default authentication settings for IIS?
Anonymous authentication is the default authentication mode for any site that is hosted on IIS, and it runs under the “IUSR_[Server Name]” account.
How we can open IIS Configuration manager?
Just simply Run >inetmgr Or we can open it from control panel > Administrative tools.
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